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Gum Disease – Berks County, PA
Gum Disease
Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is an infection of the gums surrounding your teeth. It's a leading cause of tooth loss in adults, often unnoticed because it's typically painless. During every routine checkup, your dentist will assess for signs of periodontal disease by measuring the space between your teeth and gums.
What causes gum disease?
Gum disease is caused by a buildup of plaque, a sticky form of bacteria that forms on the teeth. If this plaque is not regularly removed through flossing, brushing, and dental checkups, it can accumulate and produce toxins that harm the gums. Periodontal disease develops just below the gum line, forming small pockets that separate the gums from the teeth. There are two stages of periodontal disease:
- Gingivitis — This is the early stage, characterized by red, swollen gums that bleed easily. Gingivitis is treatable and can usually be eliminated with daily brushing and flossing.
- Periodontitis — If gingivitis is left untreated, it progresses to periodontitis. At this stage, the gums and bone supporting the teeth are severely and irreversibly damaged. Infected gums in periodontitis can cause teeth to loosen, fall out, or require removal by a dentist. Periodontitis requires professional treatment to prevent further damage to oral health.
Certain factors can increase a patient's risk of developing periodontal disease, including:
Smoking or using chewing tobacco
Diabetes
Certain types of medication such as steroids, anti-epilepsy drugs, cancer therapy drugs, calcium channel blockers, and oral contraceptives
Bridges that no longer fit properly
Crooked teeth
Old fillings
Pregnancy
While it is possible to have periodontal disease and not know it, some symptoms can include:
- Gums that bleed easily
- Red, swollen, tender gums
- Gums that have pulled away from the teeth
- Persistent bad breath or bad taste
- Pus between your teeth and gums
- Permanent teeth that are loose or separating
- Any change in the way your teeth fit together when you bite
- Any change in the fit of partial dentures
Treating Gum Disease
Treatments for gum disease can vary depending on the severity of each individual case. Typical treatments include:
- Non-surgical treatments such as scaling and root planing (deep cleaning)
- Periodontal surgery and laser gum surgery
- Dental implants
Preventing Gum Disease
Regular dental checkups and periodontal examinations are essential for maintaining both your overall health and the health of your smile. You don't have to lose teeth to periodontal disease. By practicing good oral hygiene at home, you can significantly reduce your chances of developing gum disease. Remember to brush your teeth regularly, clean between your teeth, maintain a balanced diet, and schedule regular dental visits to help ensure your smile stays healthy.